July 1, 2008
IRA Penalties and their Implications
By William Brightworth
Making a mistake investing with your IRA can have serious penalties. If you pull money out of your traditional IRA, you need to pay taxes due on the new income, which could potentially move you up a tax bracket. You also will owe ten percent of the withdrawal amount as penalty payment to the IRS. This can add up quickly, seriously damaging your nest egg!
With a Roth IRA your penalties are similar, but you’ve already pre-paid tax on your contributions, so you won’t be assessed income tax on the principal. Possibly, you will owe income tax on the interest that has accumulated, and in any case you’ll still get hit with the 10% IRS surcharge.
IRA penalties will be due if you withdraw cash from your IRA before it’s time to disburse it, but you may also find yourself paying IRA penalties in certain other situations. For instance, if you have been self-investing your IRA and make the mistake of investing in something you take too close an interest in - for example, you’ve invested in a building that you also lease an office in - you may find yourself paying for what the IRS has determined is an early disbursement.
To make matters worse, if you over contribute, you may find yourself penalized. Penalties for over contributing include the assessment of late taxes, fines, and other charges. You want to neither over nor under contribute, but invest exactly the right amount in your IRA.
This does not mean you can never touch your IRA - after all, it’s your money! A Roth is an easier source of cash than a traditional IRA, but you can withdraw from both in certain situations.
You may withdraw money from your IRA without incurring a penalty if you are purchasing a home for the first time in two years. You and your spouse are also eligible to withdraw up to $10,000 for yourself if you are using the cash for your own home, or that of your grandchildren, parents or child. The limit on this withdrawal is 10 thousand for your lifetime. You may also withdraw cash to use on certain qualified educational expenses.
Your IRA can also be used to pay for medical insurance once you’ve been unemployed for 12 consecutive weeks, or to fund certain medical expenses if they exceed 7.5% of your gross income. If you become disabled, you can treat your IRA as if you’ve already retired. If you are a qualified reservist called to active duty, you may be able to avoid the 10% fee (talk to your command about this - the rules are changing to accommodate people as they get called up). And in a couple of other situations - when your life expectancy is shortened, for instance - you may be able to have your IRA qualified for regular disbursement early.
In no case should you withdraw money from your IRA without good reason, regardless of penalization. IRA penalties are there to protect you and your retirement investment. If you were allowed to withdraw money whenever you want, the constant temptation would likely lead to a lot of IRAs being used as personal piggy banks. Instead, protect your IRA and pull money from it only when it’s absolutely necessary and when it will be a major benefit to your life, helping you build toward retirement rather than just helping you out today.
Topics: Investment |
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